Soft Morning, City!

Un altro brano di Tod Machover dopo Light. Anche questo è distribuito da AGP da cui potete scaricarlo in formato FLAC.

Si tratta di Soft Morning, City! che presentiamo con le note dell’autore, è per soprano, contrabbasso e suoni elettronici sia sintetici che ottenuti elaborando gli strumenti. Il testo è tratto dal monologo di Anna Livia Plurabelle, nel Finnegan’s Wake di James Joyce.

Soft Morning, City! (which was commissioned by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation for Jane Manning and Barry Guy) presents its qualities more immediately and directly. This is due mostly to the presence of James Joyce’s text, the final monologue from Finnegans Wake. The particular passage that I have chosen here has interested me for many years. Coming at the end of this monumental epic, it is a melancholy and moving swansong of the book’s main female character, Anna Livia Plurabelle. Now appearing as a washerwoman, she recalls her life as she walks along Dublin’s River Liffey at daybreak. Many different planes of narrative are interlaced, the mundane with the spiritual, the sexual with the aesthetic, the personal with the universal. Joyce achieves the closest thing to the temporal parallelism of music by snipping each layer of narrative into short, constantly varying and overlapping phrases. The great beauty is that Joyce creates not the eclectic choppiness that such a procedure might suggest, but a majestic form of tremendous power and sweep. It seems to me that Joyce achieves this through an organization of the over-all sound of the passage in an unprecedented way. Listening to a reading-aloud of the text, one is carried by its cadences, tidal flows, crescendos and dvina-awavs, even while being sometimes onlv half-sure . , of the meaning of certain words. it is the rare combination of polyphonic verbal richness with inherent sonic structure that makes it ideal for a musical setting.

My setting takes the form of an aria, though a rather extended and elaborate one. Attention is always focused on the soprano, who alternates between long melodic lines and short interjections that change character quickly. The double bass lends support to the soprano, provides harmonic definition and melodic counterpoint, and often adds musical commentary.

The computer tape helps to amplify, mirror and extend the myriad reflections of Anna Livia, but at the same time acts as a unifying force. To emphasize closeness to the live performers, a new process is added whereby soprano and double bass music is directly transformed by the computer, producing at times sounds that seem to fuse the two into one musical image.

The work begins in stillness, with the soprano evoking the atmosphere of morning, surrounded by an ethereal transformation of her own breath. With the entrance of the double bass, various different strands of the textual polyphony are introduced one after the other, each with characteristic music. As the sonority of the tape gets closer to that of the live instruments, the musical layers begin to overlap with greater rapidity. In the lengthy middle section, many different layers are superimposed so that at the moment of greatest intensity and complexity a new unity is formed.

From this plateau, the rest of the work is built. Quiet communion is achieved between soprano and bass. This leads directly to a long melodic section, with soprano accompanied by a continuous harmonic progression in bass and tape.

After a final moment of lonely reflection (“O bitter ending!…”), an enormous wave washes over Anna Livia and carries her away. A quiet coda uses delicate, distant images to recall the stillness of the work’s opening. A chapter is closed, a deep breath taken, and we prepare, led by Joyce’s Liffey (“Riverrun…”), to begin again.

Tod Machover, Soft Morning, City!, per soprano, contrabbasso e suoni elettronici.
Testi tratti da “Finnegans Wake” di James Joyce
Jane Manning, soprano; Barry Guy, Double Bass. Computer parts realized at IRCAM, Paris

Light

AGP ha ripubblicato recentemente alcune incisioni di musica elettronica degli anni ’80 che trovate nell’Internet Archive ai numeri 106, 107, 108 da dove potete scaricarle in FLAC.

Il 107 contiene due brani di Tod Machover, compositore americano del 1953 molto attivo anche in area multimediale.

Qui vi faccio ascoltare Light, un pezzo del 1979 scritto per l’Ensemble Intercontemporain più due flussi elettronici preregistrati ottenuti mediante elaborazione di suoni strumentali.

L’autore spiega in dettaglio il brano:

The piece takes its title from a quote by Rider Haggard, the English fantasy author: “Occasionally one sees the Light, one touches the pierced feet, one thinks that the peace which passes understanding is gained – then all is gone again.” The atmosphere and expressive content of the work reflect these words, which also influenced the choice and treatment of musical materials.

From a single melody (heard in entirety only at the climax of the piece) a complex polyphony is developed that creates layers of simultaneously overlapping, shifting musical planes, like independent clouds that move each at its own speed, and part momentarily to allow rays of light to pass through. Each of these layers is characterized by a different musical elaboration of the same basic materials. The largest contrast is between the instrumental ensemble (14 players) and two separate computer-generated 4track tapes. Each of these tapes represents a different (and opposing) approach to the elaboration of musical structures. The first uses traditional instrumental timbres and playing techniques as a starting point and transcends the “normal” by extending past the human capacities. The second explores microscopic details of sounds derived from these same instruments, although the connection between the two worlds is made clear only gradually during the course of the piece.

The instrumental ensemble is musically situated between these two approaches. It is divided into four sub groups (string quartet; woodwind quartet; piano, harp and wood/skin percussion; trumpet, trombone and metal percussion), each of which develops a distinct set of musical tendencies, and possesses a clear timbral identity. The piece was conceived for IRCAM’s experimental concert hall, or Espace de Projection, where all acoustical and physical characteristics are controllable. The instrumental ensembles are placed in the four comers of the room, on platforms, with the public seated in the middle. Tape I is distributed through 4 speakers, one placed over each instrumental group, thus emphasizing the “instrumental” departure point for this tape’s electronic sound. Tape II emanates from a set of 4 speakers placed on the ceiling of the hall, to exaggerate the separateness of this ethereal and delicate murmuring that develops gradually into the thunderous crashes that mark the climax of the piece.

The piece begins by emphasizing the distinctness of all its various layers. Each group follows its own developmental principles in a section that culminates in a series of cadenzas. After each group has had its say, all material is combined in the large solo of Tape I which builds until the first crashes of Tape II. In the quiet that follows, a new, more homogeneous order is built up gradually, and leads to a final section of delicate chamber music, where equality prevails among all the diverse elements. The main harmony of the piece provides the basis for a meditative coda, which dissolves into the isolation and bareness of the final piano notes, a shadow of the defiance and brilliance shown by the same instrument at other points of the piece.

The musical form is dramatic, the expressive mood quite romantic, and both are founded on a conviction of mine: that faced with todafs confusing kaleidoscope of equally valid parallel lifestyles, cultures and ideas, the only response is to search quietly but resolutely for a deeper truth, perhaps out of nostalgia for a lost simplicity, but hopefully from a courage aid belief in a “new order” of synthesis and unity behind the surface choas. It is this search that I have tried to portray in Light.

Tod Machover – Light (1979), per ensemble e suoni elettronici
Members of the Ensemble InterContemporain with two computer-generated tapes. Conducted by Peter Eötvös. Computer parts realized at IRCAM, Paris.

Seroton

This new sound output [Seroton EP] of Sascha Neudeck (biochemist and musician, based in vienna) is to carry out a test by the idea of different drone-interpretations. It is more a collection of different quotations in doing with such these topics. The result is quite different to his previous work, which was more noise- and random-oriented. This new section is quite a try to arrange such these things – from totally abstract elements to poetic narrative parts. Different ideas come out from an abstractness and get into an often sparely melodic part – otherwise a changeover from the lightness of sound into a deep and noise drone, which is interrupted by fragement spikes of sound. Neudeck is working only with software, sinus generators, self produced sound equipment and lately with the sidrassi organ (totally crazy tool). So I am often surprised by the result, when it sounds like a field recording. But when I see, how he works in his nerdy laboratory, I understand that his output can irritate.

[ liner notes by Heribert Friedl / photo by Sascha Neudeck ]

Some excerpts

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

La particolarità di questo brano di David Jaffe risiede nel fatto che si tratta di un concerto per pianoforte in cui la parte del solista è eseguita da un percussionista (Andrew Schloss) che controlla un pianoforte midi (il disklavier) per mezzo del Radio Drum.

Si tratta di un dispositivo i cui battenti inviano a quattro sensori disposti agli angoli della tavola, la loro posizione in termini di X, Y e Z.
Questi dati vengono utilizzati per calcolare il punto di impatto e la forza, ma vengono inviati sempre, non solo quando i battenti toccano la superficie. Ne consegue che un apposito software può anche utilizzare il movimento dei battenti in aria per ricavarne dei dati che vengono poi trasformati in note midi inviate al disklavier.
Si tratta quindi di una interfaccia che rileva il movimento, non di una semplice percussione digitalizzata.

Il brano è scritto per pianoforte e ensemble strumentale (mandolin, guitar, harp, harpsichord, bass, harmonium and 2 percussionists). Ecco un estratto.

Varie note sul brano sul sito di Jaffe.

Il Nome

Il Nome è un brano elettroacustico (soprano + nastro magnetico) composto da Richard Karpen nel 1987 su testo tratto da “Il nome di Maria Fresu” di A. Zanzotto + un verso dall’Orfeo di Monteverdi.
Maria Fresu è una delle 84 persone uccise nell’attentato del 2 agosto 1980 alla stazione di Bologna. Non è rimasto niente di lei (Karpen è stato in Italia vari anni e ha lavorato al CSC a Padova).

Il materiale sonoro è formato in gran parte da elaborazioni della voce del soprano. Vengono utilizzati anche vetri rotti, una singola nota di violino e un tam-tam. Le elaborazioni sono in buona parte cambi di altezza o stretching temporale senza alterazione dell’altezza (in qualche caso la durata è stata estesa fino a 20 volte l’originale) + filtraggi. Grande attenzione è posta alla sovrapposizione e concatenazione dei frammenti.

Testi

E il nome di Maria Fresu
continua a scoppiare
all’ora dei pranzi
in ogni casseruola
in ogni pentola
in ogni boccone
in ogni rutto – scoppiato e disseminato –
in milioni di dimenticanze, di comi, bburp.
A. Zanzotto, Il nome di Maria Fresu, da Idioma, Milano, Mondadori, 1986

Tu sei morta, mia vita, ed io respiro?
Tu mi hai lasciato per mai più tornare, ed io rimango?

No.
Monteverdi – Orfeo

Richard Karpen – Il Nome (1987), per soprano e banda magnetica – J. Bettina, soprano

Richard Karpen is a native of New York, where he studied composition with Charles Dodge, Gheorghe Costinescu, and Morton Subotnick. He received his doctorate in composition from Stanford University, where he also worked at the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA).
He has been the recipient of many awards, grants and prizes including those from the National Endowment for the Arts, the ASCAP Foundation, the Bourges Contest in France, and the Luigi Russolo Foundation in Italy.
Founding Director of the Center for Digital Arts and Experimental Media (DXARTS) at the University of Washington.

Les Chants de l’Amour

Gérard Grisey – Les Chants de l’Amour (1982-84), per 12 voci e nastro magnetico

La scrittura delle parti affidate ai 12 cantanti è basata non su delle parole, ma su vocali e dittonghi estratti dalla analisi spettrale della frase “I love you”. Vengono inoltre utilizzate alcune interiezioni sonore come sospiri, scoppi di risa o frammenti della stessa frase.

La parte elettronica è stata sintetizzata all’IRCAM mediante il programma “Chant”, la cui caratteristica è di creare delle vocali artificiali molto malleabili che agiscono a tratti da collante, a tratti come elemento complementare o di contrasto rispetto alle voci reali.

Intelligentemente, Grisey utilizza le vocali anche nella maggioranza delle parti cantate, riuscendo così a fondere le voci reali con i materiali generati dal programma.

“Vedo i suoni come fasci di forza orientati nel tempo, infinitamente mobili e fluttuanti”.

La lezione di Stimmung è presente e Grisey la supera, inventando un brano estremamente mobile, con una scrittura a tratti quasi pirotecnica, che unisce i tratti fondamentali dello spettralismo a una notevole forza espressiva.

Tombeau de Messiaen

Un altro omaggio a Messiaen, dopo la sua scomparsa, stavolta da parte di Jonathan Harvey: si tratta di “Tombeau de Messiaen”, per piano accompagnato da una elettronica misurata ma essenziale formata in gran parte da un pianoforte sintetico accordato sulla scala naturale, che interviene a modificare in modo più o meno sensibile i suoni dello strumento.

Jonathan Harvey – Tombeau de Messiaen (1994) per pianoforte e parte elettronica

Mycenae Alpha

Lo stesso d21d34c55, di cui al post precedente, ha realizzato anche questo video sulla partitura di Mycenae Alpha (1978) di Xenakis.

Qui però non si tratta di un disegno a posteriori, ma è il disegno stesso che genera il suono tramite una sorta di sintesi granulare. Uno dei software del CEMAMu (Centre d’Etudes de Mathématiques et Automatique Musicales), il centro di ricerca in cui Xenakis lavorava, permette, appunto, questo.

Si tratta dell’UPIC (Unité Polyagogique Informatique du CEMAMu), una tavoletta grafica 75×60 cm su cui il compositore può disegnare delle forme che vengono trasformate direttamente in suono dal computer a cui è collegata (e a mio avviso, spesso e volentieri sembra che si preoccupi più del disegno che del suono).

Obscuritas Luminosa, Lux Obscura

Un affascinante e recente brano di Konstantinos Karathanasis, trentaduenne compositore greco emigrato negli USA.

Costruito intorno ad un’unica altezza (SI), questo pezzo, per sei strumenti e suoni elettronici, è come un singolo, ultra concentrato raggio di luce che penetra il vuoto, il silenzio, con gli strumenti che agiscono come delle lenti, dei prismi, che gradualmente modificano il colore del suono allargandolo alle note vicine e via via più lontane.
________________________

The following excerpt from an old Greek text of the 7th century AD encapsulates the central idea of the piece: ‘… And as all things come from the One, from the mediation of the One, so all things are born from this One by adaptation …’ There is one pitch (B), which as a single ultra-concentrated beam of light penetrates the vacuum, the silence. The instruments and the electronics act like lenses and prisms that slowly change the color of this single B and magnify it to the neighboring pitch areas. Since this process is gradual, like wine fermentation, special attention is given to various subtle changes, in the micro-intervals and their beatings, attacks and dynamics, colors and textures. Once the magnifications of the single pitch expand to its partials, the fermentation process is accelerated and new dimensions open up that at some point incorporate even chance.

The role of the electronics is to unify the instrumental fragments and thus to provide coherence through the piece. Although obscure at the beginning, progressively the computer becomes the seventh player in the ensemble, and after a certain point it develops in to an all-inclusive ocean, where the instruments swim, like exotic fish. The electronics are based in various real-time techniques in Max/MSP, mostly live phase vocoding and sampling, infinite decay reverbs, flangers, harmonizers, and granular synthesis.

Konstantinos Karathanasis – Obscuritas Luminosa, Lux Obscura (2005)
for flute, clarinet, viola, cello, piano, percussions, electronics